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中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

　　资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

广东省人大代表陈泽滨：打造大日化产业集群 推动“制造业当家”******

　　中新网广州1月12日电 (记者 程景伟)广东省十四届人大一次会议12日在广州开幕。广东省人大代表、立白科技集团总裁陈泽滨建议，打造广东大日化产业集群，助力广东制造业强省建设迈上新台阶，推动“制造业当家”。

　　“珠江水、广东粮、岭南衣、粤家电”是广东传统优势产业。随着时代的发展，广东日化行业凭着历史沉淀的地域优势、产能优势，也成为广东制造业的支柱产业之一。

　　目前，广东日化行业规模全国领先，牵引产业链各重点企业快速发展，产能走在全国前列。据国家统计局数据显示，2021年全国合成洗涤剂产量为1037.7万吨，其中广东省合成洗涤剂产量达324.62万吨，占全国总产量超过三成。2021年底，广东化妆品工业总产值和化妆品专利申请数量均居全国第一，全国国产普通化妆品备案数量有70%来自广东省。

　　但同时，广东省日化行业面临诸多不足，比如规模大而不强，综合实力有待提高；创新能力有待强化，对比国际先进地区仍有较大差距；产业链生态仍未完善，服务支撑与资金支持亟待提升；企业单打独斗，产业运营效率亟需提升。“推动实现产业转型升级，是广东省日化产业基础高级化、产业链现代化的关键。”陈泽滨说。

　　陈泽滨建议，政府引导产业链重点企业建立化妆品、日用洗涤品、口腔护理用品等日化行业细分领域品牌孵化基地，孵化一批新兴日化用品生产品牌；由政府牵头，共同组建支持广东省本土日化产业的政府产业引导基金。

　　陈泽滨建议，同时，以粤港澳大湾区建设为引领，以高质量发展为主线，以数字技术为抓手，依托广东省日化行业全国领先的行业数字化平台和资本优势，打造日化产业数字化底座，为产业链上下游企业提供产业数字化赋能服务，推动产业基础高级化。

　　陈泽滨称，应鼓励行业企业积极入驻全产业链互联网平台，推动产业链企业“上云上平台”比例逐年提升，助力企业实现降本提质增效；推动全产业链智能化改造。

　　此外，他还提出，广东可基于现有日化生产基地载体，如深圳“美丽谷”高端化妆品产业集群、汕尾海丰美妆产业园等，打造一批省级以上日化产业重点产业园区；吸引产业链上下游配套企业进驻园区，实现产业配套集群化发展。(完)

　　（文图：赵筱尘 巫邓炎）